Charlie Gipple, CFP, CLU, ChFC

This intentionally idiotic title has many of you saying, “Because he’s 31 years older than Jake Paul! Duh!” Of course that’s true! However, I would argue that even if Mike was still in his 20-year-old body today, that his mindset would inhibit his performance versus who he truly was 40 years ago. Allow me to explain and then draw a corollary to our business.

As I write this article I am somewhat disappointed that I wasted my Friday night watching this very boring Tyson vs. Paul boxing contest on Netflix, even aside from the technical glitches! However, the ladies fight was a great match. But I digress. I had hoped that Mike Tyson would knock out Jake Paul. I like Mike Tyson as he gets older, and he is the GOAT (greatest of all time). However, I have been a realist and understand that Mike Tyson is 58 years old, and Jake Paul (at age 27) is in the prime of his life physically. Father Time has an undefeated record. And Jake Paul is actually a great athlete not to be taken lightly! My friends thought I was crazy when I said that Jake Paul was going to win, much to my chagrin. Jake did indeed win by unanimous decision.

(Note: Many folks believed the match was “rigged.” Whether it was or not is not the point. Either way, my comments below are hard to deny.)

Me believing that Mike Tyson was not going to win had less to do with his physical abilities and more about his mindset as he has aged. Afterall, I have recently seen the training videos where he’s still destroying the heavy bags at lightning speed. Those training videos led many to say, “The old Tyson is back, and Jake Paul is in trouble!” I never bought into “Mike Tyson being back.” My lack of confidence in Tyson was not because of his aging physical abilities, but because his body language is completely different than what it used to be, which is insight into his psyche that used to drive him to knock people out. Again, what drove Tyson to kill his opponents when he was 20 years old was just as much about his psyche as it was his physical abilities, although his physical abilities were clearly superior. (I am obviously not a psychologist, but here is my view.)

In short, Mike Tyson does not have the killer instincts like he used to, even though leading up to this fight he convinced millions that “the old Mike is back.” Wrong! His body language, whether at the weigh-ins, photo sessions, on his way to the ring, or even while he is in the ring, is not as laser focused on his prey as the 20-year-old Mike was.

Thirty years ago, as he was entering the ring, or already in the ring, he only looked in one of two directions: Directly at his prey, or to the ground as he was contemplating how he was going to destroy his prey. It was internal, deep down in his gut. He wore all black, not looking around at what others were saying about him or cheering about. You knew that he was internally processing (maybe in an unhealthy way) what he was going to do to his opponent and how he was going to achieve his goal. He was hungry.

Today Mike’s body language tells me that he has lost this mindset when it comes to boxing. As far as body language, it is almost like Mike Tyson has become more concerned about other things than just achieving the “goal” of knocking somebody out. He’s looking around at his surroundings and not so much laser focused like a lion about to attack a bunny rabbit. When they ask for his commentary on what he is going to do to his opponent, he kind of shrugs his shoulders and says something fairly benign and non-convincing, almost like he doesn’t believe it himself. The 1980s and 1990s Mike Tyson made comments that you know he believed in his heart and gave some of us children nightmares. Do I dare say that today’s Mike Tyson seems self-conscious? Or certainly more “conscious” of things other than destroying his opponent.

However, why should he really want to absolutely kill somebody? Afterall, he has hit the pinnacle of the business, made millions of dollars, and has nothing to prove to anybody, certainly not to a 27-year-old kid (Jake Paul). He has become domesticated. Sometimes already hitting your “goals” will make you domesticated.

I bring all this up because once you have achieved high levels of success in our business and hit your “goal” you can become “domesticated.” Hence, the reason why we should continue to make new goals. I launched CG Financial Group, an IMO for independent agents, six years ago. As time has gone by, I hit a lot of goals that I set for my business. Every time I hit a goal, there was an inclination for me to say, “Let’s take a little break because I’ve earned it.” The fire burns out a little. This is called getting “fat and happy,”

Because I try to self-reflect a lot, I know when I am feeling “fat and happy” and therefore have made conscious efforts to quickly remedy this mindset along the way. You cannot let yourself get fat and happy, at least when it comes to doing something that you want to continue to grow. Naturally, Mike Tyson is a 58-year-old guy that no longer wants to beat people up, which makes it OK for him to be “fat and happy.” Conversely, I bet when it comes to your business and your growth aspirations, you do not want to get “fat and happy” and stagnant.

I have found that setting continuous goals and extending out the goal post is important for me in order for me to not become “domesticated.” Feeling “uncomfortable” is needed. If you continue to set goals for yourself and have a laser focus on that prey/goal, it is impossible for you to lose your edge. Again, I’m not suggesting that Tyson should be obsessed with being the world champion again, I’m just drawing the psychological corollary to why Tyson is not as “good” of a boxer as he used to be, aside from the fact that he is forty freaking years older!

When it comes to setting and hitting your goals, be that 20-year-old Tyson, don’t be self-conscious, don’t care about what those around you are saying about you, don’t get comfortable, don’t get “fat and happy,” and keep moving forward.

My dad died in 2006. Although my dad had many flaws, to me and my brother he walked on water. He was incredibly good to me and my brother growing up and taught us how to hunt, fish, cuss, deal with life’s ups and downs, and taught us a relentless work ethic. He owned an underground construction (water, drainage, sewer), and concrete business and was one of the toughest guys that I’ve ever known. He worked every day until he died at age 62, which was in 2006.

Anyway, if you know his blue-collar hard headed type, you know that sometimes evolving with the times can be difficult. For instance, I was telling my wife the other day that if dad was still alive during the height of the Covid pandemic where there were vaccine mandates, mask mandates, etc., that I’d be very curious how he would have fit in. You know what I’m talking about. That’s not a political statement; it’s just me saying that he probably would not have “complied” very well because he had strong and independent beliefs, but you always knew where you stood. You know the type of person I am talking about.

This type of person often gets stuck in their own ways. Again, he had his flaws as many of us do! However, as I grew older, I realized that my dad was a much smarter and a much more complex guy than what meets the eye. For instance, I was immensely proud of him when I learned that he had actually bought a laptop computer as well as a sewer pipe camera, where instead of having to dig up sewer lines to see what the issue was, he used technology! Go figure. It was actually a fairly sophisticated set-up 20 years ago, whereas today you just buy something and “Bluetooth” it to your phone. He bought a van where the TV, laptop, electrical wiring, etc. were housed. It looked like an FBI surveillance vehicle, not that I know what that looks like. As a guy who dropped out of high school to start his own business, he was now using computers and fairly sophisticated equipment! It was crazy to me that somebody as hard headed as him would get out of his comfort zone to learn modern technology when before this his giant calloused fingers had never even touched a computer keyboard. But he understood that he had to adapt with the times or be a victim of “creative destruction.”

I’m writing this article because I was reminded of this with the East Coast “Port strike” that took place in early September. It has been “sidelined” for 90 days while they negotiate. I’m not going to give my opinion on anything other than the “automation component” of the strike.

One of the items that the union is requesting is that the port employers do not automate the docking/undocking functions. Naturally, by automating this would mean that computers and machines would replace the jobs of the employees. Well, if using computers and machines is the more cost effective and efficient way to do it, then I find the demand of not automating very far-fetched. In a capitalist society, for somebody to request that employers turn a blind eye to automation—which is equivalent to attempting to halt aging—is a crazy request.

Automation is inevitable. If the employers do not automate, then there will be other similar businesses that will open up, they will automate, and because their pricing will be better (because of a more efficient business) the non-automated companies will subsequently go out of business. At that point everybody at the obsolete company loses their jobs! Again, automation is inevitable and keeping out automation is like trying to keep my head dry with my hand in a rainstorm. The rain eventually seeps through. Automation will happen and it must happen.

How does this relate to our business? It very much relates to our business. I say this lovingly, but if you are very much “hard headed”—like me and like my dad—you might find yourself sticking to what has always worked. We hear this all the time; people stick to “what they are comfortable with and familiar with.” But is the “familiar” the most efficient? I try to force myself to get out of my comfort zone every day.

Simple example, if you are an agent that still prefers paper applications, electronic applications can shave off 75 percent of the time it takes to complete the application. That’s right, instead of an hour to complete an application, maybe it’s only 15 minutes. Go through the learning pains on the front end to be efficient over the long run.

Or what about a CRM system? Do you just have your clients stored in your memory bank? Or, are you using a CRM system that not only stores their information but also alerts you when special dates arrive? That is innovation/automation.

What about new products and product lines? Are you “stuck” with old products that you are comfortable with, or do you look to what the latest and greatest is? Annuities are better than they have ever been. Linked Benefit/Hybrid LTC products are better than they have ever been. Partner with an IMO where you can continue to learn about these new developments.

Efficiency and automation can also include leveraging what other people are doing. For instance, I have 400 agents that I work with across the country. I do monthly client webinars on long-term care planning, Social Security planning, estate planning, retirement planning, etc. I invite agents to invite their clients to my webinars where the agents are almost guaranteed appointments by the end of it, because the clients connect with what I say. If I’m already doing the webinar, why would the agents not take advantage of that? That is a form of automation/efficiency.

There are many other examples in our business that I could cite where we need to get out of our “comfort zone” so we are not victims of evolution, or on the bad side of “creative destruction.”

It’s important that we run businesses as efficient as our competitors so that we are not “automated” out of existence. I myself know how hard this is, as somebody that is “old school” in many different ways. I still read the Wall Street Journal via the paper version versus the tablet/phone version. And, of course, I love my “Print Version” of Broker World!

In part one of the series, and in last month’s edition, we discussed how it is perceived that whole life insurance is very rigid because the structure of the base policy “generally“ requires the premium be paid for the duration that the product was designed for. But then I countered that argument by discussing the various nonforfeiture provisions, the most popular one being “reduced paid-up insurance,” at least for the cash accumulation sales. For instance, one of my favorite products is a “Pay to age-75” product. However, I will often do a “seven pay“ design where at the end of that seventh year we do a “reduced paid up policy” where no other premium is required. You can also have dividends pay premiums if dividends are robust enough. So again, the thought that whole life requires premium to be paid is false.

In this article I would like to discuss very briefly the various dividend options and have a more in-depth conversation around the fifth dividend option, Paid Up Additions. In article three we will discuss term riders for cash accumulation sales and then bring it all to a conclusion with a case design example.

First, what is a dividend in a whole life policy?
This is cash that is returned to the policyholder of a participating whole life policy whereas the policy holder has several options on what to do with that cash. The dividends are usually paid to the policyholder on an annual basis. Dividends represent the carrier having better experience than what was priced into the guaranteed components of the product. The three areas that can “outperform” the guaranteed components in the policy that generally make up a dividend payment are as follows: 1. Investment management. 2. Expense management. 3. Mortality experience.

Dividends are generally not guaranteed and therefore can generally be found in the non-guaranteed column of the whole life illustration. As said in the previous paragraph, a whole life policy has guaranteed provisions, but can also have non-guaranteed provisions like dividend assumptions. (Note: The guaranteed provisions in whole life are usually more robust than the guarantees in IUL. Hence, one of the reasons that one may prefer whole life over IUL.)

Dividend options:

1. Cash: This is quite simply where the insurance company sends the client the check representing the dividend payment. Dividend payments are generally tax-free as long as they have not exceeded the cost basis in the policy.
2. Premium reductions: It is possible that your policy gets to a point to where the dividends can pay the premium going forward. That would be while utilizing this option.
3. Accumulate at interest: This is where your dividend stays with the insurance company and accumulates at a rate that the insurance company determines.
4. Reduce an outstanding loan: If you have a loan against the policy, you can use the dividends to pay down all or a portion of that outstanding loan.
5. Paid up additions: The big one. This is where we will spend a good chunk of the remaining article because the paid-up additions dividend option is what I illustrate about 99 percent of the time for our agents.

Paid up additions:
Paid up additions are not just a dividend option. This is also a rider you can choose where you can add premium above and beyond the base policy. That additional premium can purchase paid up additions. Usually, this dividend option along with allocating a large chunk of one’s premium payments to the PUA rider is what is done in high cash value cases. We will discuss more about product design in the third (of three) article.

Paid up additions are additional “slivers” of paid-up whole life insurance coverage on top of what you already have with the base policy. This is why when you look at the non-guaranteed side of the whole life illustration you will see the death benefit increasing year-by-year as the dividends purchase PUAs over time. Conversely, the guaranteed death benefit column does not increase. This is because the guaranteed side of the ledger typically does not include dividend payments. Alas, dividend payments are usually not guaranteed.

Although we discussed that PUAs increase the death benefit over time (without evidence of insurability by the way), that is not the main reason people love PUAs! They love PUAs because PUAs are like miniature single premium whole life policies. What that means is, the single premium design of PUAs beef up the overall cash value in the policy! Remember from our first article, the PUA lives by the same rules as the base policy whereas the cash value has to equal the death benefit by age 121 (usually). So, common sense would tell us that if we pay just one premium (PUA), that one premium had better start out as a higher cash value number than the “Pay to age 75” base policy. Afterall, the “Pay to age 75” base policy will have multiple premiums going in over time. As a matter of fact, the cash value as a percent of premium of a PUA payment is often 95 percent or so, depending on the client. Versus the base policy, which can commonly only have 15-25 percent of cash value in that first year relative to premium.

So then, can we just buy all PUAs and have the entire policy have immediate 95 percent of premium as cash value? No!

OK then, what percentage of our premium can we put into PUAs so that we have a cash value Machine? This will be our case study for the next article.

The following analysis on GLWBs versus the Four Percent Rule has been updated to today’s GLWB offerings.

I recently saw somebody write about how we should not compare annuities to the four percent rule. Although I agree that there needs to be additional disclosures and education in the annuity part of the conversation, I disagree with not comparing the two.

Re-Anchor Clients in Reality, Not Fairy Dust
I believe that consumers tend to “anchor” their retirement income expectations on the wrong thing and therefore should be “re-anchored” in reality. For instance, consumers should be educated on the fact that William Bengen’s study in 1994 showed that in order to sustain a stock/bond retirement portfolio for 30+ years in retirement, the consumer should take out no more than four percent of their retirement account balance that first year in retirement, adjusted each year thereafter for inflation. Consumers should also be aware of the new updated studies that show “rules of thumb” of 2.3-2.8 percent. (Note: When using these comparisons versus annuities, it is important to discuss that annuities generally do not have “inflation adjustments” as the four percent rule incorporates. More on that in a bit.)

This “re-anchoring” is important because many consumers know that the S&P 500 has gone up double digits on average for the last century and therefore overestimate what withdrawal rate they should utilize. They have seen the glorification of the “stock and bond” markets and have likely seen the mountain charts like the Ibbotson SBBI Chart. You know what charts I am referring to; those that show that the stock market has done double digit returns forever and that their $1 invested back when Adam met Eve would be worth enough to purchase their own private island today.

Thus, if a consumer has in their brain that stocks and bonds have always performed seven percent, eight percent, 10 percent, 12 percent, then they will tend to believe that their retirement withdrawal rate is beyond the four percent that the research shows. Even if a consumer has heard of the four percent withdrawal rule, they may have not had the math laid out for them yet that is specific to their situation. It is important to explain to those that love their stocks and bonds—as I do—that even though the S&P 500 could average 10 percent over the coming years, it does not mean they will not run out of money by taking only four percent of the retirement value from their stock and bond portfolios! How is this possible? Because of the sequence of returns risk that the stock portion can subject the client to and the low interest rates (still) that the bond portion can subject the client to. And because of these two risks (sequence of returns and low rates), a client should not overestimate what their portfolios can do as far as withdrawal rates. If you would like a graphic that helps you explain “sequence of returns risk” to your clients, email me.

To demonstrate my points in the previous paragraphs, I want to cite a study by Charles Schwab. In their 2020 Modern Retirement Survey they asked 2,000 higher net worth pre-retirees and newly-retired retirees about how much money they had saved for retirement and also how much money they expected to take from their retirement portfolios. The answers from the participants were that they had $920,400 in retirement savings (on average), that they planned on spending $135,100 per year from those portfolios (on average), and that they were generally confident in those dollar amounts allowing them to live the retirements they would like.

I would argue that a 14.68 percent withdrawal rate ($135,100 divided By $920,400) defies any retirement research I have seen! Naturally, Schwab then points out that—contrary to these participants’ beliefs—a $920k portfolio will run out in only seven years (obviously not including interest/appreciation). Clearly, these consumers should have the math explained to them. Even if the consumers understand the new “rules of thumb,” they may be experiencing cognitive dissonance that should be addressed by the financial professional. By doing so, you will “re-anchor” their expectations to the new realities of 2.3 percent, 2.8 percent, or four percent withdrawal rates, which will set you up for the annuity conversation that I will discuss.

I am not suggesting an agent go into a big dissertation on these individual studies. I just believe that going over the simplified math—specific to the client’s portfolios—based on these new rules of thumb should be done in order to show the power of annuity GLWBs. Although generous, using the old four percent rule of thumb will suffice in explaining the annuity value proposition. By demonstrating this math to the clients, you will be re-anchoring their expectations to realistic numbers. And only then do I believe they will realize the true power of GLWB riders.

The GLWB Conversation
Here is what my conversation looks like (many times) that I will walk our hypothetical client through.

Let’s say our 63-year-old has $100,000 in a stock and bond portfolio. I start by discussing how this 63-year-old may have the expectation that her $100k grows by five percent or so per year between now and retirement in two years. Well, based on her $110,000 (not including compounding) value at that point, what withdrawal should she take in her first year of retirement? This is where I discuss the four percent withdrawal rule, which usually surprises them because their “anchoring” is off, as we discussed. I also discuss the reasons for the withdrawal rate being only four percent, as we also discussed earlier in this article. But then I will show her $100k growing to $110k in two years at retirement. If the client wants us to assume a 20 percent return over two years, fine! I will do that instead. The math still works.

By the end of the two years, her $100k has grown to $110 k. That is when we figure the first-year withdrawal, which comes out to $4,400. Again, that $4,400 is supposed to increase with inflation, per the four percent rule.

That $4,400 is assuming everything goes correctly. That is, that she gets 10 percent appreciation between now and age 65, and also that the four percent is indeed sustainable over her 30-year retirement.

That is when I will switch to the annuity. On one of the industry’s top annuities/GLWB riders right now, her $100,000 will “rollup” by 10 percent simple interest rate for two years, then that value of $120,000 will have a payout factor of 7.5 percent for a 65-year-old. (Note: Technically this 10 percent rollup is not limited to just two years. It depends on when she activates income, which in our example is two years.) That means that there will be a $9,000 payment starting two years from now, guaranteed for life! That payment will go on forever. This GLWB payment is 105 percent higher than what our four percent withdrawal rule will provide. And you don’t have the “hoping and praying” with the annuity. Usually at this point in the discussion, the responses are in three different areas:

1. Seems too good to be true! How can the company do that? This is a topic for another article.
2. What if everybody lives forever? Will the company go out of business? Again, a topic for another article.
3. But what about inflation? The four percent rule includes inflation, and the annuity does not. Let’s discuss.

Level Annuity Payment Versus Four Percent with inflation
Although I believe we are being generous to the situation by using the four percent rule instead of the more updated and lower rules of thumb, it would be disingenuous to not explain the lack of inflation on the level payout GLWBs. (Note: There are some GLWBs that have increasing income, but let’s leave the conversation to the level income for now.)

This objection about annuities not having inflation included, versus the four percent rule is a reasonable objection, as inflation adjustments can be crucial. As a matter of fact, the “inflation rule of 72” says that a 3.5 percent inflation rate—for example—will chop the purchasing power of a dollar in half in only 20.5 years (72/3.5 = 20.5 years). Meaning that $9,000 would only have the purchasing power of $4,500 in 20.5 years assuming 3.5 percent inflation.

So then what provides the highest “cumulative income,” our GLWB or the four percent rule example? Included is a graph from a spreadsheet I created to show what provides more income—the $9,000 (GLWB) without inflation adjustments or the $4,400 (four percent rule) with inflation adjustments. (Note: For the inflation adjustments, I assumed 3.5 percent.)

As you can see in the chart, the inflation adjusted four percent rule annual income crosses over to where it is more than the $9,000 in the 22nd year! You can see the two lines crossing over. The dollar amounts represented by the lines are in the right axis.

Now, what is more important however is, what is the “cumulative income” from each strategy over a period of 40 years? That is represented by the bars and the left axis labels. As you can see, the Cumulative GLWB Income (Black Bar) stays higher than our cumulative four percent rule all the way through the 30-year retirement. As a matter of fact, it takes approximately 40 years for the four percent rule to catch up to our annuity income on a cumulative basis. In year-40, $364,776 is the cumulative income from the four percent rule at that point in time and $360,000 is the cumulative income from our annuity. So, in this example, only if the client lives beyond age 105 will she have garnered more income from the four percent strategy than our annuity.

Lastly, this analysis is being generous to the four percent rule because we are not incorporating the “time value of money” of the amount of excess GLWB payments we got above and beyond the four percent rule in the early years. Technically, those excess dollars reinvested would equate to even more than what our “cumulative” black bar is actually showing.

Clearly, there are other scenarios that we could run that can benefit or degrade the story on either one of the two solutions. For instance, we could run the four percent rule assuming a much higher return than 10 percent over two years, for example 20 percent. We could have taken into consideration capital gains taxes on the four percent rule of thumb versus income taxes on the annuity. But then we could also apply the “time value of money” to the excess annuity payments on the annuity. We could also use the 2.8 percent withdrawal rule. Or, one could add different inflation rates, etc.

In the end, and with all of this said, the story should be that consumers need to anchor their expectations reasonably and also that annuities have a great place in many consumers’ portfolios with or without inflation.